On 12 December, the European Parliament awarded the Sakharov Prize for 2012 " for the freedom of the spirit " both the lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh and film director Jafar Panahi. But none of these two Iranians were there to receive the prize, both were sentenced to imprisonment or home. With increasing repression in Iran, the resistance to the regime itself was organized through the Internet. Indeed, Iran is the most Internet-connected countries in the Middle East, with over 36 million users in a population of 75 million people. And since the last presidential election in June 09, this country has been the experience of the darker side of human rights. Yet, repression increases.
To return to the restrictions, the Iranians have developed resistance becomes more connected to the web: it is " a fault in the control system, "said Hanieh Ziaei, a researcher at the University of Paris-Diderot and the University of Ottawa. Despite the filtering of the government, " Facebook is still widely used and bloggers are always active on the Internet. " Blogs create a space of expression on social issues, culture and also debates policies. It is also a great way to exchange information for the people in exile living outside the country and want to stay informed about what is happening inside the country.
But the pressure on bloggers has been going up; their life was even threatened. In order to escape to government services monitoring blogs, cat and mouse games were played. Once a blog is closed, it gets reopened under another name.
" In Iran, there is a real presence of so-called" net citizens " Hanieh said Ziaei. The fact that the government is trying to control the web by all means, through filtering measures, shows that this form of resistance has been recognized.
The Internet is mostly used by educated Iranian classes, people who are more urban, aged between 20 and 45, and have the means to pay for faster Internet access to download images and movies. It has grown rapidly the Iranian population is highly educated and live increasingly in cities, where Internet access is facilitated.
But the government can not ban the Internet as it is a way to check and verify who does what. As confirmed Ziaei Hanieh: " The Internet is a tool of espionage."
Recognizing the importance of these new networks, such as YouTube, where the video of the young Neda, shot by militias of the regime that has become a symbol of the repressive regime in 09 can still be seen - the Iranian government denies. There are some days, they started their own YouTube to promote " value products ," the vice president of radio and Iranian TV (Irib) Lotfollah Siahkali.
The government also announced the launch of a " National Internet " in addition to the global network which is intended for use by government agencies, businesses and individuals.
VPN services allow you to avoid censorship on the Internet, you can choose your login countries . in fact, people living in Iran can choose to set up their connection country to be one of 12 countries where access is not restricted. they can access the sites so they want in a way anonymous, even if the sites are blocked or controlled by the government.
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